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The short answer: For most backpackers, LED lanterns are the better choice because they are lighter, safer, and more reliable, but propane lanterns still have a niche for cold weather and those who value bright, warm light.
When you are carrying everything on your back, weight matters. LED lanterns win this easily. A typical LED backpacking lantern weighs between 3 and 8 ounces, and many are collapsible or flat, fitting easily into a side pocket. Propane lanterns are heavier. The smallest propane lanterns, like the Coleman Northstar, weigh around 2 to 3 pounds, plus the weight of the fuel canister. A 16.4 oz propane cylinder adds roughly a pound. That is a significant difference for a backpacker who counts every ounce.
If you are ultralight, LED is the obvious choice. Some LED lanterns even double as power banks, so you save weight by not carrying a separate battery.
Light quality is subjective. Propane lanterns produce a warm, yellowish light that many campers find cozy and nostalgic. They also put out a lot of lumens. A dual mantle propane lantern can emit 300 to 500 lumens, which can illuminate a large campsite. However, the light is often harsh and creates harsh shadows because it is a point source.
LED lanterns have improved dramatically. You can find models that produce 200 to 400 lumens, with diffusers that create a soft, even glow. Many LEDs offer different brightness levels and color temperatures, so you can set a warm dim light for inside your tent or a bright white light for cooking. Some even have a red light mode to preserve night vision. For reading or tasks, LEDs are often better because they don’t flicker and are easier on the eyes.
Propane lanterns run on disposable propane canisters. These are cheap (around $5 to $7 each), but you have to carry them and dispose of them properly. They last a long time on one canister, maybe 10 to 15 hours on high, but if the canister runs out, you need to have a spare. You also have to buy mantles, which are fragile and need replacing after a few uses. The lantern itself is more expensive upfront, often $50 to $100.
LED lanterns run on batteries (AA or rechargeable) or have built-in rechargeable batteries. The initial cost is similar, $30 to $80, but over time, rechargeable lanterns are cheaper because you don’t buy fuel. They also last a long time on a single charge, often 20 to 40 hours on low. And you can recharge them from a solar panel or power bank. The downside is that if you don’t have power, you are out of luck, so you need to plan.
Propane lanterns use a flame and get hot. They must be placed on a stable surface away from tents and flammable materials. The glass globe can burn you if touched. Also, they produce carbon monoxide, so you should never use them inside a closed tent. They are also challenging to use in wind; the flame can blow out or flare up.
LED lanterns are safe to use inside a tent, even hanging from the ceiling. They don’t produce heat or fumes, so you can use them in enclosed spaces. They are also more durable because there is no glass to break. This makes LEDs a no-brainer for family camping or if you like to read in your tent.
Here is where propane lanterns have an advantage. In freezing temperatures, battery performance drops significantly. An LED lantern may dim or shut off when it’s very cold. Propane lanterns, on the other hand, produce heat and light regardless of temperature. They also provide extra warmth, which can be nice on a chilly night. If you camp in winter, a propane lantern might be worth the extra weight.
However, propane also has issues in cold weather: the pressure drops, and you may get a weak flame. Some models have a regulator that helps, but it’s not perfect. Overall, for extreme cold, a liquid fuel lantern is even better, but that’s beyond this comparison.
For 90% of backpackers, LEDs are the way to go. They are lighter, safer, more versatile, and better for the environment (no disposable canisters). They are also more convenient for use inside a tent.
Choose a propane lantern if you are car camping, going on a winter expedition, or if you simply love the warm glow and don’t mind the weight. But for backpacking, especially if you are covering miles, LED is your best bet.
If you are in the market for a lantern, check out our buying guide for top recommendations based on your needs.
Q: Can I use a propane lantern inside my tent?
A: No. Propane lanterns produce carbon monoxide and can be a fire hazard. Always use them in well-ventilated areas, never inside a closed tent.
Q: How long do LED lanterns last on a set of batteries?
A: It depends on the brightness setting. On low, many LED lanterns can last 40 to 100 hours on a set of batteries. On high, expect 10 to 20 hours.
Q: Are propane lanterns brighter than LED lanterns?
A: In general, yes, propane lanterns can produce more lumens (300-500) than many LED camping lanterns, but high-end LEDs can match that. However, LED light is often more even and pleasing.
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